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Parts of the engine
Introduction
Engines are the essential components of any vehicle that allow it to generate power and move. The first steam engine was invented in the mid-17th century, and since then, many different types of engines have been invented and used to power an array of vehicles, such as cars and airplanes. Modern engines are composed of several different parts that work together to generate power. Knowing the parts of an engine and how they function will help you understand why an engine needs routine maintenance and repair.
Valve Train
The valve train is an integral part of a combustion engine, as it is responsible for controlling the intake of air and fuel, as well as the exhaust. It consists of valves and their Rocker arms, the timing chain, camshafts and lifters. The valves are opened and closed by the camshaft, which is driven by the timing chain that is connected to the crankshaft. The Rocker arms help regulate the flow of air and fuel by transferring the motion of the camshaft to the valves.
Crankshaft
The crankshaft acts as the engine's main drive shaft and is connected to the pistons in the engine block. As the pistons move up and down, the crankshaft rotates, which converts the up-and-down motion of the pistons into rotary motion that can be used to power the car. The crankshaft is connected to the connecting rods via a connecting rod bearing, which reduces friction and allows the crankshaft to rotate smoothly.
Pistons
Pistons are located in the engine block and are used to convert the energy generated by the combustion of air and fuel into rotary motion. The pistons move up and down inside the cylinders, pushing the crankshaft and turning it into rotary motion. The cylinders are lined with a special coating that reduces friction and allows the pistons to move smoothly.
Connecting Rods
The connecting rods are located between the crankshaft and the pistons and they are used to transfer the rotary motion of the crankshaft to the pistons. The connecting rods are connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod bearing and they are also connected to the pistons via a wrist pin. The connecting rods are made from a strong steel alloy and are very important for keeping the engine in proper working order.
Air and Fuel Intake System
The air and fuel intake system is responsible for supplying the engine with the air and fuel that is necessary for combustion. This system consists of an air intake manifold, valves and a fuel injector or carburetor. The air intake manifold is responsible for allowing the air and fuel mixture to enter the engine, while the valves and fuel injector/carburetor regulate the air and fuel flow. The air and fuel intake system is an essential part of any combustion engine and needs to be kept in proper working order.
Ignition System
The ignition system is responsible for initiating the combustion process. The ignition system is made up of an ignition coil, spark plugs and a distributor. The ignition coil creates an electric spark that is sent to the spark plugs at the correct time. The spark plugs then ignite the air and fuel mixture in the cylinders, which creates the combustion needed to power the engine.
Exhaust System
The exhaust system is responsible for removing the exhaust gases from the engine. This system consists of an exhaust manifold, catalytic converter and muffler. The exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from the engine and leads them to the catalytic converter, which purifies the exhaust gases. The muffler then silences the noise produced by the exhaust gases.
Cooling System
The cooling system is responsible for keeping the engine from overheating and preventing damage. This system consists of a water pump, radiator, hoses, thermostat and a cooling fan. The water pump circulates coolant through the engine, while the radiator dissipates heat from the coolant. The hoses carry the coolant from the engine to the radiator, while the thermostat regulates the temperature. The cooling fan helps to further cool the engine.
Oil System
The oil system is responsible for keeping the engine luicated and preventing damage due to friction. This system consists of an oil pump, sump, oil filter and oil lines. The oil pump circulates oil through the engine, while the sump acts as a reservoir for the oil. The oil filter filters the oil, removing dirt and other contaminants. The oil lines carry the oil from the sump to the oil pump and from the oil pump to the various moving parts of the engine.
Conclusion
Engines are complex machines that rely on many different parts to work together to generate power. Knowing the parts of an engine and how they work will help you understand why maintenance and repair is necessary. All of the parts of an engine work together to generate power, including the valve train, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, air and fuel intake system, ignition system, exhaust system, cooling system, and oil system.
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